1. What is a cuticle?

The cuticle is a thin, translucent layer of skin that arises from the eponychium and attaches to the nail plate. Although the cuticle is dead tissue, it plays a crucial role in protecting the nail matrix. In particular, it prevents bacteria and harmful substances from penetrating beneath the skin.

The nail matrix, also called the nail root, is responsible for nail growth. It is located under the skin and is not visible. When the nail matrix is ​​damaged, it can lead to abnormalities in the nail plate.

2. Can I cut my cuticles?

Many false rumors are circulating in the nail world that cuticles should not be cut. However, it is permissible to cut the cuticles, but not the proximal nail fold or the eponychium. These are often confused with the cuticle. The proximal nail fold and the eponychium are living parts around your nails that provide a good seal and protect the nail matrix. The cuticle, on the other hand, is dead skin that can be removed without consequences.

3. How to safely remove cuticles?

There are two different ways to remove cuticles. The first is manual and involves using a cuticle pusher and nippers. The second method involves using a nail file. You must be familiar with using a nail file to avoid damaging the nail matrix.

How to safely remove cuticles? Below, we explain how to take care of your cuticles manually using a cuticle pusher and cuticle nippers.

• Step 1: Use the flat side of your cuticle pusher to gently push back your cuticles.
• Step 2: Use the tweezers to gently remove the loose skin.

4. Damaged cuticles

A torn cuticle can be caused by dehydration or by cuticles remaining stuck to the nails. Torn cuticles can allow bacteria and fungi to invade the skin and cause a cuticle infection, which can be very painful. Below, we discuss the most common cuticle problems.

4.1 Torn Cuticles

4.1.1 What causes torn cuticles?

Dry, cracked cuticles can have several causes, including:

• Change in temperature
• Exposure to household products (wearing gloves is recommended)
• Lack of proper hand care
• Cuticle and nail biters
• Poorly executed manicure
• Vitamin deficiencies
• Skin diseases
• Wash your hands frequently
• Use of disinfectants

4.1.2 Healing and prevention of torn cuticles

To prevent cuticle infections, it’s important to take care of damaged cuticles. Using a moisturizing hand cream can help prevent torn cuticles. However, it’s also important to apply cuticle oil daily to prevent dry cuticles.

If you notice your cuticles sticking to your nails, gently push them back. This is best done after a bath or shower, as the cuticles will be more flexible.

4.2 Cuticle infection

4.2.1 What causes cuticle infections?

Cuticle infections occur when the skin around the nail becomes damaged, allowing bacteria and fungus to enter. This can lead to inflammation of the cuticle.

4.2.2 How to recognize a cuticle infection?

• Redness and swelling of the skin around the nail.
• The skin becomes hot and painful.
• Feeling of oppression.

4.2.3 Difference between acute and chronic cuticle infection

Acute cuticle infection can occur in anyone and is usually caused by a bacterial infection. This infection develops rapidly (within a few hours) and usually only affects the nail fold. Several tender blisters may be present, and sometimes yellow pus appears under the cuticle, which can lead to the formation of an abscess.

Chronic cuticle infection is more common in people who have constantly cold and wet hands, suffer from skin problems, or are diabetic. It is a gradual process that begins in the nail fold and spreads throughout the nail. The nail folds become swollen, and the nail plate often detaches, allowing bacteria to grow under the nail plate.

4.2.4 How to treat and prevent cuticle infection?

If pus is present in the inflammation, the doctor can remove it through a small incision. The inflammation usually heals on its own, especially in mild cases, which disappear within a few days. To facilitate this process, you can soak your fingers or toes in a baking soda bath.

In cases of chronic cuticle infection, an antifungal ointment is usually prescribed. In some cases, surgery may be necessary.

5. Keep cuticles in good condition

When doing household chores or messy tasks, it is recommended to wear gloves, which will prevent your cuticles from dehydrating quickly.

To prevent cuticle dehydration, it’s important to apply cuticle oil daily as a protective layer. You can also use a moisturizing hand cream.

It is advisable to avoid biting your nails and biting or picking at loose skin.